These symbols are used in intellectual property law to indicate that a word or phrase is being claimed as a trademark or trade name. The different symbols have slightly different meanings and uses:

- tm: This symbol indicates an intention to apply for a US federal registration of the mark with the United States Patent & Trademark Office (USPTO). It does not give any legal protection by itself.

- ℠: Similar to 'tm', but it is used when you sell services, while physical products require the trademark symbol 'TM' instead!

Note that in some countries like Australia and New Zealand if there has been sufficient use of this mark then common law rights may still apply even without formal registration taking place yet.

- SM℠: This combination indicates that both goods AND SERVICES are being protected under trademark laws. The 'SM' stands for 'service mark', which means it can only be used in relation to services rather than actual physical products.

Again, keep mind though - just because someone uses these symbols doesn't necessarily mean their claim will hold up against legal challenges later down the road...

- ℗: This symbol is often seen alongside other copyright notices and indicates that all rights are reserved by the owner(s) of this material. It's primarily used for works such as music, software etcetera but can technically apply anywhere there might be some form intellectual property at play.

In summary - these symbols serve mainly informational purposes rather than actually granting any real legal protection themselves until officially registered through relevant authorities like USPTO or equivalent bodies elsewhere around world depending upon local laws applicable within particular jurisdiction involved.

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